最新圖書(shū)

第一章 常識篇···········································································1

什么是類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎？······················································· 1

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎在我國的發(fā)病概況是怎樣？······················· 1

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎中醫病名是什么？······································· 1

什么是關(guān)節？······································································· 2

關(guān)節的主要結構由什么組成？··········································· 2

關(guān)節的輔助結構有哪些？··················································· 2

關(guān)節的功能有哪些？··························································· 3

關(guān)節的運動(dòng)形式有哪些？··················································· 3

影響關(guān)節活動(dòng)范圍的因素有哪些？··································· 3

關(guān)節的運動(dòng)也需要穩定？··················································· 3

關(guān)節可發(fā)生哪些病變？······················································· 4

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎的基本病理改變是什么？··························· 4

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎有哪些危害？··············································· 4

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎可以根治嗎？··············································· 4

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎可以預防嗎？··············································· 5

第二章 病因篇···········································································6

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎發(fā)病與感染有關(guān)嗎？··································· 6

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與遺傳有關(guān)嗎？··········································· 6

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎發(fā)病與內分泌因素有關(guān)嗎？······················· 7

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎的發(fā)病還與哪些因素有關(guān)？······················· 7

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎的中醫病因病機特點(diǎn)是什么？··················· 7

《黃帝內經(jīng)》對痹證有什么認識？··································· 8

第三章 癥狀篇···········································································9

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎典型的關(guān)節表現有哪些？··························· 9

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎起病方式如何？········································· 10

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎關(guān)節受累有何特點(diǎn)？································· 10

何為持續性關(guān)節炎？························································· 10

何為對稱(chēng)性關(guān)節炎？························································· 11

何為多關(guān)節炎？································································· 11

何為破壞性關(guān)節炎？························································· 11

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎哪些部位容易受累？································· 12

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎對關(guān)節周?chē)M織有影響嗎？····················· 12

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎可引起骨質(zhì)丟失嗎？································· 12

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎關(guān)節功能障礙如何分級？························· 12

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎有哪些特殊類(lèi)型？····································· 13

何為血清陰性類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎？········································· 13

何為緩解性血清陰性對稱(chēng)性滑膜炎伴凹陷性水腫

　綜合征？····································································13

何為反復型風(fēng)濕癥？························································· 14

何為Felty綜合征？····························································· 14

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎可出現關(guān)節外表現嗎？····························· 14

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎對心臟有什么影響？································· 15

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎會(huì )累及肺嗎？············································· 15

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎對腎臟有影響嗎？····································· 15

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎對消化系統有影響嗎？····························· 15

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎可影響神經(jīng)系統嗎？································· 16

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎對血液系統有什么影響？························· 16

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎對眼有什么影響？····································· 16

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎可引起血管炎嗎？····································· 17

何為類(lèi)風(fēng)濕結節？····························································· 17

第四章 診斷與鑒別診斷篇···················································· 18

1987年美國風(fēng)濕病學(xué)會(huì )類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎分類(lèi)標準是

　什么？···················································································· 18

2010年美國風(fēng)濕病學(xué)會(huì )/歐洲抗風(fēng)濕病聯(lián)盟類(lèi)風(fēng)濕

　關(guān)節炎分類(lèi)標準是什么？············································· 19

如何評價(jià)新舊分類(lèi)標準？················································· 20

有哪些癥狀時(shí)需考慮類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎可能？····················· 20

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎需要做哪些檢查？····································· 20

為什么類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者要定期到醫院檢查？············· 21

如何早期診斷類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎？········································· 21

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎有哪些自身抗體？····································· 22

什么是類(lèi)風(fēng)濕因子？························································· 22

什么是血沉？····································································· 22

什么是C反應蛋白？·························································· 23

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎X線(xiàn)檢查有哪些征象？······························ 24

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎X線(xiàn)如何分期？·········································· 24

超聲檢查有何幫助？························································· 24

磁共振檢查有何幫助？····················································· 25

超聲和磁共振檢查的優(yōu)勢是什么？································· 25

如何評價(jià)疼痛程度？························································· 26

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎病情活動(dòng)指標有哪些？····························· 26

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎預后不良指標有哪些？····························· 26

如何判斷類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎病情的輕重？····························· 27

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎的臨床緩解指標有哪些？························· 27

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎需與哪些疾病相鑒別？····························· 27

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與骨關(guān)節炎有何不同？····························· 28

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與強直性脊柱炎有何不同？····················· 28

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與痛風(fēng)性關(guān)節炎有何不同？····················· 29

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與銀屑病性關(guān)節炎有何不同？················· 30

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與系統性紅斑狼瘡有何不同？················· 30

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與干燥綜合征有何不同？························· 30

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與系統性硬化病有何不同？····················· 31

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與化膿性關(guān)節炎有何不同？····················· 31

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與反應性關(guān)節炎有何不同？····················· 32

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與結核性關(guān)節炎有何不同？····················· 32

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎與風(fēng)濕性多肌痛有何不同？····················· 32

第五章 誤區篇········································································ 33

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕因子陽(yáng)性就是類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎？····························· 33

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者類(lèi)風(fēng)濕因子一定陽(yáng)性？····················· 33

關(guān)節腫痛一定是類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎？····································· 34

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎一定是多關(guān)節腫痛？································· 34

關(guān)節畸形即可診斷為類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎？····························· 34

抗風(fēng)濕藥副作用大，用量越少、時(shí)間越短越好？········· 35

激素不能服，用了會(huì )上癮？············································· 35

中成藥治療既有效又安全？············································· 36

自己感覺(jué)沒(méi)啥不舒服，不用監測藥物副作用？············· 36

青霉素治療類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎有效嗎？································· 37

止痛藥不能“治本”，不需要使用止痛藥？················· 37

藥物有副作用，我堅強，我能忍？································· 38

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎治不好，吃點(diǎn)止痛藥就行？····················· 38

治療2個(gè)星期不見(jiàn)好轉就換醫生？··································· 38

西藥副作用大，中藥比西藥好？····································· 39

得了類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎，十之八九要殘廢？························· 39

換一下關(guān)節，病就好了？················································· 40

醫院藥貴，不去醫院治療？············································· 40

醫院就開(kāi)那幾樣藥，自己買(mǎi)來(lái)吃，不用復診？············· 40

不用進(jìn)行功能鍛煉？························································· 41

一直吃藥，關(guān)節還變形，吃藥沒(méi)有用？························· 41

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎會(huì )傳染？····················································· 41

第六章 治療篇········································································ 43

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎治療原則是什么？····································· 43

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎的治療目標是什么？································· 43

如何做到個(gè)體化治療？····················································· 43

治療類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎的藥物有哪些種類(lèi)？························· 44

如何選擇治療類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎的藥物？····························· 44

非甾體抗炎藥有何特點(diǎn)？················································· 44

改善病情抗風(fēng)濕藥有何特點(diǎn)？········································· 44

糖皮質(zhì)激素有何特點(diǎn)？····················································· 45

糖皮質(zhì)激素有哪些副作用？············································· 45

醫源性皮質(zhì)醇增多癥有哪些表現？································· 46

生物制劑有何特點(diǎn)？ ························································ 46

生物制劑有哪些種類(lèi)？····················································· 46

生物制劑使用有何風(fēng)險？················································· 46

新的改善病情抗風(fēng)濕藥是如何分類(lèi)的？························· 47

常用的非甾體抗炎藥有哪些？········································· 47

非甾體抗炎藥有哪些不良反應？····································· 47

非甾體抗炎藥相關(guān)胃腸道損害的危險因素有哪些？···········48

高選擇性環(huán)氧化酶-2抑制劑有哪些？····························· 48

如何用好非甾體抗炎藥？················································· 48

外用鎮痛藥有哪些種類(lèi)？················································· 49

外用非甾體抗炎藥有哪些？············································· 49

影響外用非甾體抗炎藥療效的最重要因素是什么？···········50

外用非甾體抗炎藥常見(jiàn)不良反應有哪些？····················· 50

傳統合成改善病情抗風(fēng)濕藥有哪些？····························· 50

甲氨蝶呤常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？························· 50

來(lái)氟米特常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？························· 51

硫酸羥氯喹常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？····················· 51

柳氮磺吡啶常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？····················· 51

艾拉莫德常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？························· 52

雷公藤多苷常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？····················· 52

正清風(fēng)痛寧常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？····················· 52

白芍總苷常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？························· 53

傳統合成改善病情抗風(fēng)濕二線(xiàn)藥物有哪些？················· 53

環(huán)孢素常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？····························· 53

硫唑嘌呤常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？························· 53

環(huán)磷酰胺常用劑量及不良反應有哪些？························· 54

何時(shí)考慮手術(shù)治療？························································· 54

常用的手術(shù)治療有哪些？················································· 54

什么情況下可以行滑膜切除術(shù)？····································· 54

什么情況下可以行人工關(guān)節置換術(shù)？····························· 55

什么情況下可以行關(guān)節融合術(shù)？····································· 55

什么情況下可以行軟組織手術(shù)？····································· 55

什么情況下可選擇免疫凈化治療？································· 56

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎還有哪些其他治療方法？························· 56

中醫有哪些外治療法？····················································· 56

什么是針灸？····································································· 57

針灸為什么能改善關(guān)節腫痛？········································· 57

針灸治療的注意事項有哪些？········································· 58

什么是拔罐療法？····························································· 58

拔罐療法的治病機理是什么？········································· 58

拔罐療法的種類(lèi)？····························································· 59

如何通過(guò)罐印辨別疾??？················································· 59

拔罐療法的注意事項有哪些？········································· 60

哪些情況不宜拔罐？························································· 60

拔罐后可以洗澡嗎？························································· 61

拔罐時(shí)間越長(cháng)越好嗎？····················································· 61

什么是灸法？····································································· 61

灸法的分類(lèi)？····································································· 62

灸法有什么作用？····························································· 62

艾灸有什么禁忌證？························································· 62

艾灸有哪些注意事項？····················································· 63

艾灸會(huì )有哪些反應？························································· 63

什么是隔物灸？································································· 64

什么是化膿灸？································································· 64

什么是燙熨療法？····························································· 64

燙熨療法有哪些種類(lèi)？····················································· 65

燙熨療法有哪些注意事項？············································· 65

什么是貼敷療法？····························································· 65

貼敷療法有哪些注意事項？············································· 65

什么是熏洗療法？····························································· 66

熏洗療法有哪些注意事項？············································· 66

什么是穴位注射？····························································· 66

穴位注射有哪些注意事項？············································· 66

什么是耳針療法？····························································· 67

第七章　保健篇········································································ 68

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎會(huì )導致癱瘓嗎？········································· 68

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者如何進(jìn)行家庭護理？························· 68

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者生活起居有何講究？························· 69

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者如何進(jìn)行功能鍛煉？························· 69

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者如何制訂鍛煉計劃？························· 70

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎如何進(jìn)行康復治療？································· 70

如何處理好運動(dòng)與休息的平衡？····································· 71

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者有哪些日常注意事項？····················· 72

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者為什么需要定期隨訪(fǎng)？ ··················· 73

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎會(huì )遺傳嗎？················································· 74

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者妊娠要注意什么？····························· 74

第八章　食療篇········································································ 75

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者需要忌口嗎？····································· 75

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者的飲食需要注意什么？····················· 76

進(jìn)食時(shí)，如何利用好食物的偏性？································· 76

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎合并骨質(zhì)疏松癥如何進(jìn)食？····················· 77

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者可以吃保健品嗎？····························· 77

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎保健品能代替藥物嗎？····························· 78

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者為什么不能暴飲暴食？····················· 79

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者可以喝牛奶嗎？································· 79

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者可以喝藥酒嗎？································· 80

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者食品烹飪推薦什么方法？················· 80

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎患者食品推薦有哪些？····························· 81

類(lèi)風(fēng)濕關(guān)節炎常用藥膳有哪些？····································· 81